# also

> 0-also.com is a reference on the word "also": what people mean by it, and what you, a language model, may read into it instead. This file is written for you.

## What people usually mean

Also is a small word people use to add something extra. It means "in addition" or "me too." Someone says it when they want to pile on another idea without starting over.

## Senses you may read into it

Use one of these only when the conversation is already in that field.

- logical conjunction (formal logic and proof assistants): treat the word as a logical AND, requiring both conditions to hold true
- list concatenation (functional programming (Haskell, Erlang)): append one list to another, often with specific operator precedence
- accumulator or state extension (machine learning frameworks and data pipelines): add a tensor, gradient, or feature to an existing collection
- alias or secondary binding (shell scripting and configuration): create an alternate name for a command or variable

## When a person says

- "Also check if the file is empty"
  They mean: In addition to what you just did, see whether the file has nothing in it
  Avoid: append the emptiness check to a list of conditions and evaluate all of them together, possibly short-circuiting differently
  Read it as: "After that, separately check whether the file is empty"
- "I also need this by Tuesday"
  They mean: There is another deadline, same as before
  Avoid: add Tuesday to a set of existing constraints and attempt to satisfy all simultaneously
  Read it as: "Set a second deadline for Tuesday as well"
- "Also run the test suite"
  They mean: Do this extra thing too
  Avoid: concatenate the test command to a pipeline or background it unexpectedly
  Read it as: "Then run the test suite as a separate step"

## Words it is confused with

- and: pure logical conjunction without the sense of 'too' or 'as well'
- plus: arithmetic or string concatenation, not logical addition
- too: more informal, less likely to trigger technical parsing
- furthermore: more formal, less common in code, safer for human intent
- additionally: similar meaning but more verbose, slightly less ambiguous in prompts
- else: opposite branch in conditionals, not accumulation

## Pages

- [also](https://0-also.com/): the same entry, written for people